The science of geology makes use of the known physical properties of rocks to interpret seismic data and to predict the risk of natural hazards. This course will show how the properties of rocks, from density to seismic wave velocities depend on the properties of the constituent minerals. The first part of the course will relate mineral properties to mineral structures. The second part of the course will show how these properties change with pressure and temperature, and how they can be measured. During the course, students will also learn how to apply the following mathematical concepts and methods to determining and understanding crystal structures and properties: • Scalars, vectors and matrices, and vector-matrix algebra • The concept of measurement uncertainties (estimated standard deviations, probability density functions) and how to combine them to estimate uncertainties in a result • Concept of significant digits • Linear least-squares fitting of data, and evaluation of results • Non-linear least-squares fitting of data, and evaluation of results
Prerequisiti
A basic knowledge at the undergraduate level is required of symmetry, crystal structure and composition of minerals, and of the analytical methods used in geology (microprobe, diffraction and spectroscopies) to measure them. The course will be taught at a level suitable for masters students in all fields of geology.
Metodi didattici
Le lezioni sono tutte tenute sotto forma di lezioni frontali e laboratori didattici pratici
Verifica Apprendimento
In-course question sheets and written exam
Testi
I riferimenti bibliografici saranno indicati dal docente durante le lezioni
Contenuti
The relationship between symmetry, structure, and physical properties like density, enthalpy and entropy Concept of P and T and Phase equilibria Gibbs free energy Phase rule Structure variation with pressure PVT Equations of state, including fitting PV data. Contribution of VdP to Gibbs free energy Elastic geobarometry
Lingua Insegnamento
INGLESE
Altre informazioni
Il materiale (slides del corso e materiale per le esercitazioni) viene distribuito anticipatamente dal docente
