509484 - EXPERIMENTAL PHYSICS FOR AI

Description of motion
1.1 1D motion: units in kinematics, position, velocity, acceleration, graphical description;
1.2 description of 2D motions: vectors, meaning and their operations;
1.3 measurement of position, velocity and acceleration and numerical integration of the motion laws.
(on the limit of the finite differences to small time steps, on
the use of the finite differences)

2. Newton’s law (single “massive point”):
2.1 mass, momentum and the concept of force
2.2 II law and its integration
2.3 types of forces (macroscopic view and microscopic origin)

3. Mechanical work and energy
3.1 the mechanical work and the kinetic energy (a disclaimer about
thermodynamics);
3.2 Work of friction forces
3.3 potential energy (elastic and gravitational energy), (non) conservation of
energy.

4. Systems of bodies
4.1 center of mass, rigid body and moment of inertia.
4.2 rotational motion, the angular momentum and its conservation;
4.3 Rotational kinetic energy

5. Waves I.
5.1 from oscillatory motion to a mechanical wave. Description of the propagation of a wave, the wave front, the phase of the local oscillators.
5.3 Period, wavelength, speed, wave vector, types of waves
5.4 Energy of a wave (outline of the wave equation in 1D).
5.5 Transversal, longitudinal waves, sound

6. Waves II.
6.1 refraction and reflection of waves: conservation of energy
6.2 interference of 2 or more coherent waves, coherence length and time
6.3 Stationary waves in strings and pipes

7. Diffraction and interference
7.1 diffraction from a single indefinite slit (Fraunhofer)
7.2 interference between discrete sources (Fraunhofer)