Experimental study of different silicon sensor options for the upgrade of the CMS Outer Tracker
Articolo
Data di Pubblicazione:
2020
Abstract:
During the high-luminosity phase of the LHC (HL-LHC), planned to start in 2027, the accelerator is expected to deliver an instantaneous peak luminosity of up to 7.5×1034 cm-2 s-1. A total integrated luminosity of 0300 or even 0400 fb-1 is foreseen to be delivered to the general purpose detectors ATLAS and CMS over a decade, thereby increasing the discovery potential of the LHC experiments significantly. The CMS detector will undergo a major upgrade for the HL-LHC, with entirely new tracking detectors consisting of an Outer Tracker and Inner Tracker. However, the new tracking system will be exposed to a significantly higher radiation than the current tracker, requiring new radiation-hard sensors. CMS initiated an extensive irradiation and measurement campaign starting in 2009 to systematically compare the properties of different silicon materials and design choices for the Outer Tracker sensors. Several test structures and sensors were designed and implemented on 18 different combinations of wafer materials, thicknesses, and production technologies. The devices were electrically characterized before and after irradiation with neutrons, and with protons of different energies, with fluences corresponding to those expected at different radii of the CMS Outer Tracker after 0300 fb-1. The tests performed include studies with β sources, lasers, and beam scans. This paper compares the performance of different options for the HL-LHC silicon sensors with a focus on silicon bulk material and thickness.
Tipologia CRIS:
1.1 Articolo in rivista
Keywords:
Large detector systems for particle and astroparticle physics; Particle tracking detectors (Solid-state detectors); Radiation-hard detectors; Si microstrip and pad detectors
Elenco autori:
Adam, W.; Bergauer, T.; Bloch, D.; Brondolin, E.; Dragicevic, M.; Fruhwirth, R.; Hinger, V.; Steininger, H.; Treberer-Treberspurg, W.; Beaumont, W.; Croce, D. D.; Janssen, X.; Lauwers, J.; Van Mechelen, P.; Van Remortel, N.; Blekman, F.; Chhibra, S. S.; De Clercq, J.; D'Hondt, J.; Lowette, S.; Marchesini, I.; Moortgat, S.; Python, Q.; Skovpen, K.; Sorensen Bols, E.; Van Mulders, P.; Allard, Y.; Beghin, D.; Bilin, B.; Brun, H.; Clerbaux, B.; De Lentdecker, G.; Delannoy, H.; Deng, W.; Favart, L.; Goldouzian, R.; Grebenyuk, A.; Kalsi, A.; Makarenko, I.; Moureaux, L.; Popov, A.; Postiau, N.; Robert, F.; Song, Z.; Thomas, L.; Vanlaer, P.; Vannerom, D.; Wang, Q.; Wang, H.; Yang, Y.; Bondu, O.; Bruno, G.; Caputo, C.; David, P.; Delaere, C.; Delcourt, M.; Giammanco, A.; Krintiras, G.; Lemaitre, V.; Magitteri, A.; Piotrzkowski, K.; Saggio, A.; Szilasi, N.; Vidal Marono, M.; Vischia, P.; Zobec, J.; Brigljevic, V.; Ceci, S.; Ferencek, D.; Roguljic, M.; Starodumov, A.; Susa, T.; Eerola, P.; Heikkila, J.; Brucken, E.; Lampen, T.; Luukka, P.; Martikainen, L.; Tuominen, E.; Tuuva, T.; Agram, J. -L.; Andrea, J.; Bloch, D.; Bonnin, C.; Bourgatte, G.; Brom, J. -M.; Chabert, E.; Charles, L.; Dangelser, E.; Gele, D.; Goerlach, U.; Gross, L.; Krauth, M.; Tonon, N.; Baulieu, G.; Boudoul, G.; Caponetto, L.; Chanon, N.; Contardo, D.; Dene, P.; Dupasquier, T.; Galbit, G.; Lumb, N.; Mirabito, L.; Nodari, B.; Perries, S.; Vander Donckt, M.; Viret, S.; Autermann, C.; Bohm, S.; Feld, L.; Karpinski, W.; Kiesel, M. K.; Klein, K.; Lipinski, M.; Meuser, D.; Pauls, A.; Pierschel, G.; Preuten, M.; Rauch, M.; Rowert, N.; Schulz, J.; Teroerde, M.; Wehner, J.; Wlochal, M.; Dziwok, C.; Fluegge, G.; Muller, T.; Pooth, O.; Stahl, A.; Ziemons, T.; Aldaya, M.; Asawatangtrakuldee, C.; Eckerlin, G.; Eckstein, D.; Eichhorn, T.; Gallo, E.; Guthoff, M.; Haranko, M.; Harb, A.; Keaveney, J.; Kleinwort, C.; Mankel, R.; Maser, H.; Meyer, M.; Missiroli, M.; Muhl, C.; Mussgiller, A.; Pitzl, D.; Reichelt, O.; Savitskyi, M.; Schuetze, P.; Stever, R.; Walsh, R.; Zuber, A.; Benecke, A.; Biskop, H.; Buhmann, P.; Centis-Vignali, M.; Ebrahimi, A.; Eich, M.; Erfle, J.; Feindt, F.; Froehlich, A.; Garutti, E.; Gunnellini, P.; Haller, J.; Hinzmann, A.; Junkes, A.; Kasieczka, G.; Klanner, R.; Kutzner, V.; Lange, T.; Matysek, M.; Mrowietz, M.; Niemeyer, C.; Nissan, Y.; Pena, K.; Perieanu, A.; Poehlsen, T.; Rieger, O.; Scharf, C.; Schleper, P.; Schwandt, J.; Schwarz, D.; Sonneveld, J.; Steinbruck, G.; Tews, A.; Vormwald, B.; Wellhausen, J.; Zoi, I.; Abbas, M.; Ardila, L.; Balzer, M.; Barth, C.; Barvich, T.; Baselga, M.; Blank, T.; Bogelspacher, F.; Butz, E.; Caselle, M.; De Boer, W.; Dierlamm, A.; Eber, R.; El Morabit, K.; Gosewisch, J. -O.; Hartmann, F.; Hoffmann, K. -H.; Husemann, U.; Koppenhofer, R.; Kudella, S.; Maier, S.; Mallows, S.; Metzler, M.; Muller, T.; Neufeld, M.; Nurnberg, A.; Printz, M.; Sander, O.; Schell, D.; Schroder, M.; Schuh, T.; Shvetsov, I.; Simonis, H. -J.; Steck, P.; Wassmer, M.; Weber, M.; Weddigen, A.; Anagnostou, G.; Asenov, P.; Assiouras, P.; Daskalakis, G.; Kyriakis, A.; Loukas, D.; Paspalaki, L.; Balazs, T.; Sikler, F.; Vami, T.; Veszpremi, V.; Bhardwaj, A.; Jain, C.; Jain, G.; Ranjan, K.; Bhattacharya, R.; Dutta, S.; Roy Chowdhury, S.; Saha, G.; Sarkar, S.; Cariola, P.; Creanza, D.; De Palma, M.; De Robertis, G.; Fiore, L.; Ince, M.; Loddo, F.; Maggi, G.; Martiradonna, S.; Mongelli, M.; My, S.; Selvaggi, G.; Silvestris, L.; Albergo, S.; Costa, S.; Di Mattia, A.; Potenza, R.; Saizu, M. A.; Tricomi, A.; Tuve, C.; Barbagli, G.; Brianzi, M.; Cassese, A.; Ceccarelli, R.; Ciaranfi, R.; Ciulli, V.; Civinini, C.; D'Alessandro, R.; Focardi, E.; Latino, G.; Lenzi, P.; Meschini, M.; Paoletti, S.; Russo, L.; Scarlini, E.; Sguazzoni, G.; Viliani, L.; Cerchi, S.; Ferro, F.; Mulargia, R.; Robutti, E.; Brivio, F.; Dinardo, M. E.; Dini, P.; Gennai, S.; Guzzi, L.; Malvezzi, S.; Menasce, D.; Moroni, L.; Pedrini, D.; Zuolo, D.; Azzi, P.; Bacchetta, N.; Bisello, D.; Dorigo, T.; Pozz
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