Antibody-negative chronic hepatitis C virus infection in immunocompetent children

Antibody-negative hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection, defined by the presence of HCV viremia in the absence of a serological response to HCV, was detected in two immunocompetent and symptom-free children; each had a history of exposure to blood products. HCV infection may occasionally explain cryptogenic elevation of aminotransferases, even in he absence of serum anti-HCV. HCV-RNA shoud be investigated in these cases, particularly in the presence of previous exposure to blood products.