Recognize cardiac chambers and structures, blood flow inside heart structures in motion during echocardiographic examination. Learn the indications for the echocardiographic examination. Distinguish the different echocardiographic views (apical, parasternal, subcostal and suprasternal) to obtain appropriate visualization of cardiac structures. Interprete the imaging in order to make diagnosis of the main cardiac pathologies.
Course Prerequisites
Knowledge of the normal anatomy of the heart, the cardiac chambers, theheart valves and great vessels.
Teaching Methods
Frontal lessons inclusive of interactive reading of echocardiographic images for each topic at the end of each lesson
Assessment Methods
Written test (2 hours), with open questions on the main topics and interpretation of echocardiographic images. Grades 0-30/30.
Texts
Otto Catherine M. - Ecocardiografia clinica- V edizione 2017 - EDRA Editore ISBN 9788821438530
Sarti Armando - Ecocardiografia per l'intensivista. springer Verlag Italia 2009
Contents
Principles of Echocardiography: Ultrasound, Probes, Echocardiographic Imaging views, Anatomy of the Heart and Great Vessels, Nomenclature of Spatial Orientations Echocardiographic examination in aneurysmal pathologies of the aorta and great vessels. Echocardiography in dilated, hypertrophic, restrictive, arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathies. Endocarditis; differential diagnosis with other intracardiac masses (endocavitary thrombosis, cardiac tumors). Pericarditis and pericardial effusion. Left and right ventricular systolic function. Echocardiographic findings in acute and chronic ischemic heart disease. Echocardiography in pulmonary hypertension: morphology and function of the right ventricle, estimation of pulmonary pressures, inferior vena cava, presence of endocavitary catheters. Transesophageal ultrasound and Tissue Doppler Imaging. Mitral, aortic, tricuspid and pulmonary valves: stenosis and insufficiency. Ultrasound in surgical outcomes (conservative interventions, biological and mechanical valve prostheses).
