ID:
503207
Duration (hours):
16
CFU:
2
SSD:
MEDICINA DEL LAVORO
Year:
2025
Overview
Date/time interval
Primo Semestre (01/10/2025 - 16/01/2026)
Syllabus
Course Objectives
The course aims to provide a basic knowledge of industrial toxicology through the treatment of the main toxic effects of relevant compounds in productive and occupational settings.
At the end of the course, the student must have acquired a good knowledge on toxicological mechanisms, on methods of defining toxicity and on exposure limits relating to occupational and industrial exposures. It will also have to demonstrate orientation skills in the complexity of the evaluation of toxicity from occupational xenobiotics and their interactions with the human organism.
At the end of the course, the student must have acquired a good knowledge on toxicological mechanisms, on methods of defining toxicity and on exposure limits relating to occupational and industrial exposures. It will also have to demonstrate orientation skills in the complexity of the evaluation of toxicity from occupational xenobiotics and their interactions with the human organism.
Course Prerequisites
The student must have basic understanding of chemistry and biochemistry.
Teaching Methods
The course is organized in lectures. In each lesson space will be given to the interactive discussion of the topics with the students present in the classroom in order to make learning the fundamental concepts of the subject more efficient and easier.
During reception hours, the teachers are available for clarification on the topics covered in the course.
During reception hours, the teachers are available for clarification on the topics covered in the course.
Assessment Methods
Written text examination. The assessment will take into account the level of knowledge of the topics, the clarity of presentation, the property of language and the ability to establish logical connections between the topics.
Texts
The reference texts are indicated below. For volumes of extensive discussion it is suggested to refer in particular to the chapters concerning specifically environmental and occupational toxicology and chemical compounds treated in class.
- Klaassen CD (edited by), Casarett & Doull's Toxicology: The Basic Science of Poisons. Ninth edition, McGraw-Hill Education, New York (USA), 2019.
- Galli CL, Corsini E, Marinovich M. Tossicologia [Toxicology]. Ed. Piccin, Padua, Italy, 2016.
- Alessio L, Franco G, Tomei F. (edited by), Trattato di Medicina del Lavoro [Treatise on occupational medicine], 2 vol., Ed. Piccin, Padua, Italy, 2015.
- Klaassen CD (edited by), Casarett & Doull's Toxicology: The Basic Science of Poisons. Ninth edition, McGraw-Hill Education, New York (USA), 2019.
- Galli CL, Corsini E, Marinovich M. Tossicologia [Toxicology]. Ed. Piccin, Padua, Italy, 2016.
- Alessio L, Franco G, Tomei F. (edited by), Trattato di Medicina del Lavoro [Treatise on occupational medicine], 2 vol., Ed. Piccin, Padua, Italy, 2015.
Contents
General course program:
Lesson 1:
• Introduction to toxicology and industrial toxicology
• Definition of xenobiotic and related examples; Concept of toxicity as a function of dose
• The dose-response curve
• Interactions between toxic substances: additivity, synergism, enhancement, antagonism
• Definition of acute, chronic and subchronic toxicity
• Definition of DL50, ADI, NOAEL
Lesson 2:
• Types of toxic effects: local, systemic, reversible, irreversible, immediate, delayed, selective, mutagenic, carcinogenic, allergic reactions
• Biological monitoring and environmental monitoring: definitions, advantages and disadvantages
• Biological Exposure Indicators (BEIs) and environmental threshold limit values (TLVs).
• Acceptable level of exposure
Lesson 3
• Absorption, distribution, biotransformation and elimination of xenobiotics
Lesson 4
• Solvents for industrial use: toxic effects and classification
• Formaldehyde, toluene, styrene, benzene, n-hexane,
• Notes on carbon tetrachloride, trichlorethylene, tetrachlorethylene
• How exposure to solvents (solvents and metabolites) is assessed
• Insights into benzene: toxic effects resulting from exposure, sources of occupational and extra-occupational exposure; metabolism of benzene, the biomarkers of exposure
Lesson 5:
Pesticides
• Definition and classification
• Toxic effects of pesticides
• Association between pesticides and Parkinson's disease
• DDT and malaria
• Example of evaluation of occupational exposure to pesticides
Lesson 6:
Antiblastic chemotherapeutic agents
• Clinical and toxicological characteristics
• Risks for operators, exposure limits
• Regulations and scientific literature
• Notes on the measurement of occupational exposure (wipe and pad-test)
Lesson 7:
Metals
• Characteristics of general toxicity
• Specific toxicity of Lead, Mercury, Arsenic, Chromium, Cadmium
Lesson 8
• Conclusions and insights on topics suggested by the students
Lesson 1:
• Introduction to toxicology and industrial toxicology
• Definition of xenobiotic and related examples; Concept of toxicity as a function of dose
• The dose-response curve
• Interactions between toxic substances: additivity, synergism, enhancement, antagonism
• Definition of acute, chronic and subchronic toxicity
• Definition of DL50, ADI, NOAEL
Lesson 2:
• Types of toxic effects: local, systemic, reversible, irreversible, immediate, delayed, selective, mutagenic, carcinogenic, allergic reactions
• Biological monitoring and environmental monitoring: definitions, advantages and disadvantages
• Biological Exposure Indicators (BEIs) and environmental threshold limit values (TLVs).
• Acceptable level of exposure
Lesson 3
• Absorption, distribution, biotransformation and elimination of xenobiotics
Lesson 4
• Solvents for industrial use: toxic effects and classification
• Formaldehyde, toluene, styrene, benzene, n-hexane,
• Notes on carbon tetrachloride, trichlorethylene, tetrachlorethylene
• How exposure to solvents (solvents and metabolites) is assessed
• Insights into benzene: toxic effects resulting from exposure, sources of occupational and extra-occupational exposure; metabolism of benzene, the biomarkers of exposure
Lesson 5:
Pesticides
• Definition and classification
• Toxic effects of pesticides
• Association between pesticides and Parkinson's disease
• DDT and malaria
• Example of evaluation of occupational exposure to pesticides
Lesson 6:
Antiblastic chemotherapeutic agents
• Clinical and toxicological characteristics
• Risks for operators, exposure limits
• Regulations and scientific literature
• Notes on the measurement of occupational exposure (wipe and pad-test)
Lesson 7:
Metals
• Characteristics of general toxicity
• Specific toxicity of Lead, Mercury, Arsenic, Chromium, Cadmium
Lesson 8
• Conclusions and insights on topics suggested by the students
Course Language
Italian
More information
Additional teaching materials will be made available to students through interaction with the teacher and / or publication on the institutional teaching sites.
Degrees
Degrees
ENVIRONMENT AND WORKPLACE PREVENTION TECHNIQUES
Bachelor’s Degree
3 years
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People
People
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