Radiotherapy and Medical Treatment

Sinonasal cancers (SNCs) represent 3–5% of all head and neck carcinomas and less than 1% of all tumors. The majority of sinonasal tumors has epithelial origin and is generally diagnosed at advanced stages. Multimodal approaches, including chemotherapy and loco-regional approaches, notably surgery and/or radiotherapy (RT), are the mainstay of treatment of locally advanced disease. In particular, RT is a cornerstone in the treatment of this pathology, either in a definitive setting for unresectable disease or in a postoperative one, with a role in recurrent disease as well. The employment of high conformal radiation techniques, such as intensity-modulated radiation therapy or charged particle therapy, proton or carbon ion therapy, may improve outcome and reduce late effects. With regard to chemotherapy, as it occurs in a potentially curable disease, the choice of systemic treatments is tailored on the single patient global performance status, and it is histology driven. The present chapter reports the evidences available in the literature on the role of RT and chemotherapy and targeted therapy in the management of SNCs.