Nesting association between the woodpigeon (Columba palumbus) and the hobby (Falco subbuteo)

In poplar plantations of Northern Italy, nests of the woodpigeon, Columba palumbus, are frequently associated with nests of the Hobby falcon, Falco subbuteo. Woodpigeon nests tended to be clumped around a Hobby nest, and in most cases were less than 40 m from the falcon nest.