The teaching aims to provide knowledge relating to the principles and rules that regulate the sustainable use of plant protection products (PPP), impact mitigation measures and the growing problem of the phenomenon of herbicide resistance. The reference regulatory framework currently in force in the EU regarding the rules for placing plant protection products on the market and their use will be examined. PPP will then be analyzed as functional technical means for crop protection, considering the different classes of use and the mechanisms of action (MoA). Through the analysis of concrete study cases, examples of models and tools useful for promoting the sustainable use of plant protection products in any agronomic field, including outside Europe, will also be provided. Particular reference will be made to low impact agricultural management practices. At the end of the training course the student will have acquired theoretical and practical skills concerning a sustainable approach to plant protection, measures to mitigate the impacts of the use of plant protection products on the environment, correct execution of phytoiatric treatments, sustainable management of weeds and of the herbicide resistance problem.
Course Prerequisites
Knowledge of: 1. systematic botany and plant ecology 2. ecological characteristics of agroecosystems 3. foundations of environmental sustainability in agriculture 4. main methods of detection and monitoring of weed populations 5. main methods for assessing biodiversity.
Teaching Methods
The teaching is based on frontal lessons. For carrying out the frontal lessons, Power Point presentations will be used, made available to students in the section dedicated to teaching on the moodle KIRO platform. In-depth seminars are also planned. Attendance is strongly recommended.
Assessment Methods
Learning is verified through a written exam including different types of questions: • Questions that ask you to indicate the meaning or defininition of specific terms, aimed at verifying your understanding of the terminology used during the lessons. • Questions that require a brief description of a problem and/or a study method, aimed at verifying language proficiency, synthesis ability, and understanding of theoretical concepts. • True/False test, to verify the student's ability to answer specific questions relating to the topics covered in class. At the end of each module, an in-progress test is scheduled.
Texts
Scientific papers and documents made available in the related section on KIRO platform.
Contents
1. The principles of sustainability 2. Agenda 2023 sustainable development 3. The evolution of plant protection techniques 4. Current legislation on plant protection products (Directive 2009/128/EC, Regulation 2009/1107/EC, Legislative Decree 150/2012, PAN). 5. The types of plant protection products, with particular reference to their mechanisms of action (HRAC). 6. The label of a PF 7. Impacts deriving from the use of plant protection products (drift, run-off, volatilisation and leaching). 8. The phenomenon of herbicide resistance 9. Practices useful for the mitigation of the impacts deriving from the use of plant protection products, with particular reference to vulnerable areas. 10. Low-impact agricultural management methods conducive to sustainable agriculture.