The course aims to provide students with the basic theoretical notions and methodological tools for the scientific study of language. At the end of the course, students will be able to analyze sentences at different levels (phonological, morphosyntactic, semantic, and pragmatic ones) and will gain an overview of the ways in which languages change over time and of the variation in the world’s languages. This basic knowledge will enable students to pursue further study in the fields of linguistics, ancient and modern languages, language history, and philology.
Course Prerequisites
The course can be taken only by students who have already taken module a, which constitutes the prerequisite.
Teaching Methods
Lectures with slides Exercises Visits to linguistics labs
Assessment Methods
Oral exam with theoretical questions and practical exercises to be completed on the spot. All course topics will be assessed with a theoretical question and/or an exercise. All oral exams begin with a question on a topic chosen by the student. The duration of the oral exam is variable and depends on the progression of the exam itself.
Texts
During lectures, slides will be projected (which will then be made available on KIRO), containing a detailed description of all the topics covered, with the relevant references. The exam is based on these slides, in combination with selected sections/chapters from the following textbooks (the relevant parts will be pointed out during classes): S. Luraghi, Introduzione alla linguistica storica, 2. edizione, Carocci, 2016 F. Strik Lievers, La linguistica e le lingue, Roma, Carocci, 2020 For exercise sessions: S. Luraghi, A. M. Thornton, La linguistica generale: esercitazioni e autoverifica. Roma, Carocci, 2004 S. Luraghi, F. Venier, Esercizi di semantica e pragmatica. Roma, Carocci 2009 Further references, materials and exercises may be pointed out during classes.
Contents
This module is intended as a continuation of Glottology-A. The course will deal with the internal structure of words, i.e., the level of morphology; the basic notions of morpheme and allomorph, the distinction between inflection and derivation, the mechanisms of lexicon enrichment, and the main phenomena of change affecting this level of analysis will be introduced. We will then move on to deal with the mechanisms that govern the relationships among words within the sentence (syntax), how these can be detected, and what changes they undergo. Next, we will examine the structuring of the meaning of linguistic expressions (semantics) and the various theories that have dealt with the relationship between linguistic expressions, reality and mental representation. Language will then be considered from a semiotic point of view, in relation to other sign systems, and its specificities will be pointed out. Finally, the course will mention that the structure of human languages and its evolution over time are subject to general mechanisms that in various cases can be traced to the functioning of the human mind, the way humans perceive the reality around them, and the circumstances under which they use language.
Course Language
Italian
More information
Group tutoring will be provided. Tutoring sessions are aimed to performe exercises similar to those of the oral test, to further discuss specific topics or to clarify certain topics already dealt with during the regular classes. Tutoring sessions will be also held after the end of the classes, throughout the whole academic year.