The aim of the module is to provide basic knowledge of general chemistry, with a focus on topics that will be applied in the following module, Principles of Physiology. Specifically, students will be introduced to the appropriate terminology and formalism, and will begin to use fundamental chemical tools essential for the study of physiology. Special attention will be given to the behavior of ionic species in solution and to the chemistry of redox processes. A significant part of the module will also be devoted to the fundamental principles of stoichiometric calculations.
Course Prerequisites
Mathematical knowledge required for admission to the faculty. Specifically, students are expected to be familiar with: the properties of logarithmic and exponential functions; solving logarithmic, exponential, and first- and second-degree equations. The ability to use scientific calculators is also required.
Teaching Methods
Lectures on the theoretical topics of the course (divided into 4 parts) and their application through guided problem-solving in class. Detailed description: Lectures (hours/year in class): 24 Exercises (hours/year in class): 0 Practical activities (hours/year in class): 0
Assessment Methods
Written exam, including: numerical problems, multiple-choice questions, and open-ended questions. An optional midterm exam is scheduled at the end of the first semester.
Texts
Title: Fondamenti di chimica generale Authors: Atkins - Jones - Laverman - Patterson – Young Editor: Zanichelli Year: 2025 ISBN:9788808275417
Contents
PART 1: A) Atomic Structure - Introduction to quantum mechanics. Atomic models. Atomic orbitals. Electronic configuration of elements. Periodic table and periodic properties. B) Chemical Bonding - Covalent and ionic bonds. Lattice energy in ionic solids. Bond energy. Lewis structures. Introduction to VSEPR theory. PART 2: C) Introduction - Elements, compounds, and substances. Atomic, molecular, and isotopic mass. The concept of the mole. Chemical reactions. Types of reactions. Oxidation number. Nomenclature. Balancing chemical equations. Redox reactions and the concept of half-reactions. Stoichiometry. PART 3: D) States of Matter - Gaseous state: Introduction to the kinetic theory of gases. Properties and laws of ideal and real gases. Liquid state: Vapor pressure and temperature. Solutions: properties, composition, ways of expressing concentration. Raoult's law and deviations. Colligative properties. Solid state: Types of solids. Introduction to the properties and structures of ionic, covalent, molecular, and metallic crystals. Equilibria: Chemical equilibrium and the concept of dynamic equilibrium. PART 4: E) Equilibria in Solution - Nature of acids and bases. Strength of acids and bases. Correlation between structure and acid-base properties. Ionic product of water. pH and its calculation. Hydrolysis. Buffer solutions. F) Electrochemistry - Redox potentials. Nernst equation.
