ID:
504459
Duration (hours):
60
CFU:
7
SSD:
PATOLOGIA GENERALE
Year:
2025
Overview
Date/time interval
Primo Semestre (01/09/2025 - 16/01/2026)
Syllabus
Course Objectives
At the end of the General Pathology course, students will know the main causes (chemical, physical and
biological) of structure and function alterations in of the organism and will be able to analyze mechanisms of the biological damage (cellular, tissue, organ), which are determinants for the onset of disease. They will be able to correlate the body's response to different endogenous and exogenous pathogens. Students will know the mechanisms of cell damage, inflammation, healing (by resolution, regeneration and repair), degenerative diseases, growth and differentiation lesions, as well as the chronicity of disease processes, including atherosclerosis. They will be able to identify relationships between localized lesions and systemic diseases.
biological) of structure and function alterations in of the organism and will be able to analyze mechanisms of the biological damage (cellular, tissue, organ), which are determinants for the onset of disease. They will be able to correlate the body's response to different endogenous and exogenous pathogens. Students will know the mechanisms of cell damage, inflammation, healing (by resolution, regeneration and repair), degenerative diseases, growth and differentiation lesions, as well as the chronicity of disease processes, including atherosclerosis. They will be able to identify relationships between localized lesions and systemic diseases.
Course Prerequisites
General aspects of radiation physics. General classification of chemicals. Cellular morphology, energy metabolism and redox state. Structure and function of the extracellular matrix. Functions of inflammatory and immune cells. Functions of the reticuloendothelial system. Structure and organization of microcirculation. Features of the cell cycle and differentiation process. Structure and function of DNA. Structure of the arterial wall and lipoprotein metabolism. Functions of platelets, macrophages, smooth muscle cells and lymphocytes.
Teaching Methods
The course of General Pathology consists of lectures by using PowerPoint presentations, in-depth studies using the blackboard, collective demonstrations in the lecture theatre showing digitalized slides using appropriate software. Student education takes place also through an individual practical training by microscope on morphological changes of pathological specimens and a laboratory where in-vitro experimental models are performed.
Assessment Methods
The Pathology examination consists of a two-hour written test and includes a morphological discussion at the optical microscope on pathological specimens. A total of 14 questions are presented (all carrying equal weight), of which 12 cover key topics addressed during the lectures, and 2 pertain to Physiopathology. The written questions vary in type, including definitions, descriptions, problem-solving tasks, or schematic representations. The microscope discussion focuses on the identification and definition of significant tissue alterations. Students are expected to demonstrate that they have achieved the learning objectives of the course. The assessment (graded on a 0–30 scale) takes into account the depth of understanding and knowledge of the topics, as well as the ability to integrate the concepts acquired. The final grade for General Pathology is the sum of the marks obtained in Pathology, Physiopathology, and the microscope discussion. The grade for the microscope exam remains valid for the entire calendar year. Examination results are published on the ESSE3 Web platform.
Texts
General Pathology – Altucci et al. (Idelson-Gnocchi); Pathologic basis of disease (Vol. I) - Robbins and Cotran (Elsevier - Masson);
Pathogenesis – Pardi e Di Fiore 2023 (Piccin);
Cells, tissues and disease. Principles of General Pathology - Guido Majno, Isabelle Joris (CEA).
All the books are available for consultation at the Unit of Immunology and Pathology, Via Ferrata 9, Pavia.
Pathogenesis – Pardi e Di Fiore 2023 (Piccin);
Cells, tissues and disease. Principles of General Pathology - Guido Majno, Isabelle Joris (CEA).
All the books are available for consultation at the Unit of Immunology and Pathology, Via Ferrata 9, Pavia.
Contents
Etiology: external and internal agents of diseases; exciting and ionizing radiations; chemical agents; biotransformations.
Dynamics of cellular injury: cell death, necrosis, apoptosis, necroptosis, pyroptosis; autophagy; pathological calcifications. Degeneration and degenerative diseases; intracellular accumulations: vacuolar and cellular swelling; extracellular accumulations: hyalinosis, amyloidosis and fibrinoid degeneration. Accumulation of pigments. Inflammation: experimental models, acute inflammation, chronic inflammation, chemical mediators, systemic effects. Healing processes (regeneration and repair). Abnormalities of growth: hypertrophy, hyperplasia, neoplasia. Abnormalities of differentiation: metaplasia, dysplasia, anaplasia. Mutagenesis and carcinogenesis. Inflammation, immunity and cancer connections. Thrombus and atheroma.
Dynamics of cellular injury: cell death, necrosis, apoptosis, necroptosis, pyroptosis; autophagy; pathological calcifications. Degeneration and degenerative diseases; intracellular accumulations: vacuolar and cellular swelling; extracellular accumulations: hyalinosis, amyloidosis and fibrinoid degeneration. Accumulation of pigments. Inflammation: experimental models, acute inflammation, chronic inflammation, chemical mediators, systemic effects. Healing processes (regeneration and repair). Abnormalities of growth: hypertrophy, hyperplasia, neoplasia. Abnormalities of differentiation: metaplasia, dysplasia, anaplasia. Mutagenesis and carcinogenesis. Inflammation, immunity and cancer connections. Thrombus and atheroma.
Course Language
Italian
More information
All teachers involved in the course are available for explanation on covered topics upon appointment taken by telephone or email. Histopathology practices are carried oud by MED04 teachers together with tutors previously trained.
Degrees
Degrees
MEDICINE AND SURGERY
Single-cycle Master’s Degree (6 Years)
6 years
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