Management strategy of EV fleets charging stations for demand response capabilities: a case study

Under the pressure of the ecological transition, electricity is more and more crucial for the sustainable economic and social development of cities. Energy flows are increasing in city distribution networks, and Distribution Systems Operators (DSOs) are constantly looking for new solutions to meet customer demands. Local flexibility services based on Distributed Energy Resources (DERs), including Electric Vehicles (EVs) have emerged as a possible solution in recent years. The paper presents a study focused on the EVs charging hub of Unareti SpA, the DSO of the city of Milan. The aim of this study was to determine the hub's possible role and contribution to the Demand Response (DR) services of the elctricity network. The impact of the charging load, the potential services and a possible energy optimization are evaluated and discussed in detail, based on real data measured during two summer months.