Biomimetic hydroxyapatite paste for molar–incisor hypomineralization: A randomized clinical trial

Objectives: The aim of this randomized clinical trial was to evaluate the desensitizing and remineralizing effect of a new zinc-hydroxyapatite-based paste in sites affected by molar–incisor hypomineralization (MIH), by assessing dental sensitivity, tooth wear, and periodontal indexes. Materials and Methods: Twenty-five patients with presence of 1 enamel demineralization of permanent molars and incisors in two different quadrants were recruited. After professional dental hygiene, a domiciliary hydroxyapatite-based paste was assigned and recommended to be applied on 2 MIH teeth in one random quadrant (test group), while the 2 contralateral MIH teeth did not undergo paste application (control group). The following primary outcomes were assessed: Plaque Control Record (PCR), Bleeding Index (BI), MIH Treatment Need Index (MIH-TNI), and Schiff Air Index (SAI). Results: No significant inter- and intragroup differences were found for PI and BI, except for both intragroup T0–T1. For MIH-TNI, significant intergroup differences were detectable in the test group after 9 months of treatment. For SAI values, no significant differences were found in the control group, while in the test group, significant lower values were found after 1 and 3 months since baseline, respectively. Conclusions and Clinical Relevance: Biomimetic zinc-hydroxyapatite showed a desensitizing effect when used to treat MIH.