- Understanding the methodological features and specific issues of Byzantine musical paleography. - Knowledge of the Byzantine liturgical chant in the Middle Age (in particular from the 10th to the 15th c.) - Acquisition of an appropriate technical terminology. - Knowledge of the main bibliographical tools relevant to the discipline. - Basic knowledge of medieval Byzantine music in its diachronic development, main formal characteristics and cultural context. - Knowledge of the different musical semiographies, considered in their diachronic development, with exercises in interpreting sources.
Course Prerequisites
The knowledge acquired in the musicological and humanistic field during the previous three-year course. Knowledge of the Greek language is not required.
Teaching Methods
Frontal and laboratory lessons with the aid of power point presentations and sound recordings, discussions on selected examples, exercises in transnotation.
Assessment Methods
Oral exam on the topics covered by the course, with exercise in transnotation from a manuscript in Middle Byzantine notation
Texts
– Byzantine Chant, Heirmologion, Kalophonic chant, Kanon, Liturgy & liturgical books § IV.3.iii Byzantine rite, Oktoechos, Sticherarion, Ekphonetic Notation, in Grove Music Online (https://www.oxfordmusiconline.com/grovemusic) or in The New Grove Dictionary of Music and Musicians, London, Macmillan, 2012. – M. ALEXANDRU, Preliminary Remarks on the Historiography of Byzantine Music and Hymnography, in "Bollettino della Badia Greca di Grottaferrata", n.s., 3, 2006, pp. 13-47. – Atlante storico della musica nel Medioevo, a cura di V. Minazzi e C. Ruini, Milano, Jaca Book, 2011, §§ II.7-13, pp. 54-75. – M. ALEXANDRU, Some Thoughts on the so called Great Hypostases of the Middlebyzantine Notation, in “Musicology Papers”, 28/1, 2012, pp. 47-58. – T. APOSTOLOPOULOS, Levels of orality in Byzantine music in: Unity and variety in Orthodox music: Theory and practice. Proceedings of the fourth international conference on Orthodox church music. University of Eastern Finland. Joensuu, Finland 6-12 June 2011, Joensuu, International Society for Orthodox church music, 2013, 73-81. – A.G. CHALDAEAKES, The figures of composer and chanter in Greek psaltic art, in Composing and chanting in the Orthodox Church, Proceedings of the second international conference on Orthodox church music. University of Joensuu, Finland 4-10 June 2007, Joensuu, University of Joensuu and International Society for Orthodox church music, 2009, 267-301. – A. DONEDA, I manoscritti liturgico-musicali bizantini: tipologie e organizzazione, in A. ESCOBAR (cur.), El palimpsesto grecolatino como fenómeno librario y textual, Zaragoza, Institución Fernando el Catolico, 2006 (Actas. Filología), pp. 83-111.http://ifc.dpz.es/recursos/publicaciones/26/54/_ebook.pdf . – A. LINGAS, Music, in The Oxford Handbook of Byzantine Studies, ed. by E. Jeffreys, Oxford, Oxford University Press, 2008, pp. 915-938. – A. LINGAS, Musica e liturgia nelle tradizioni ortodosse, in Enciclopedia della musica diretta da J.J. Nattiez, vol. IV: Storia della musica europea, Torino, Einaudi, 2004, pp. 68-85. – S. MARTANI, The Theory and Practice of Ekphonetic Notation: the Manuscript Sinait. gr. 213, “Plainsong and Medieval Music”, 12/1, 2003, pp. 15-42. – CH. TROELSGÅRD, Byzantine Neumes. A new introduction to the Middle Byzantine musical notation, Copenhagen, Museum Tusculanum Press, 2011. In addition the students will be provided with further bibliography during the course.
Contents
The program focuses on: - main research tools; - main musical genres, forms and styles; - tools to deciphering sources in middle Byzantine notation with exercises in transcription from the syllabic repertory; - Problems connected with the deciphering of the palaeobyzantine and ekphonetic notations; - Liturgical-musical books (especially Heirmologion and Sticherarion); - Music theory, with readings and analysis of selected excerpts from the most important treatises.
Course Language
Italian
More information
Non-attending students must contact the professor well in advance (at least 2 months before) to establish the program and the bibliography.