ID:
500161
Duration (hours):
16
CFU:
2
SSD:
ANATOMIA UMANA
Year:
2025
Overview
Date/time interval
Primo Semestre (01/10/2025 - 16/01/2026)
Syllabus
Course Objectives
The Human Anatomy course introduces the student to the analysis of the human body as a whole system, focusing on individual organs and apparatuses as part of it.
Topographic relationships between organs as well as their macro and microscopic characteristics are considered in relation to the functional integration of organs and apparatuses.
The course is offered to students from different biomedical degree programs: the aim is to provide all of them with the basic anatomical knowledge needed to correctly understand the structural and functional characteristics of the human body under normal and pathological conditions, focusing for each group of students on those aspects that will be more relevant to their specific curricula.
Topographic relationships between organs as well as their macro and microscopic characteristics are considered in relation to the functional integration of organs and apparatuses.
The course is offered to students from different biomedical degree programs: the aim is to provide all of them with the basic anatomical knowledge needed to correctly understand the structural and functional characteristics of the human body under normal and pathological conditions, focusing for each group of students on those aspects that will be more relevant to their specific curricula.
Course Prerequisites
nessuno
Teaching Methods
Frontal lessons
The teaching material will be available on the KIRO e-learning platform
For Physiotherapy students only:
Exercises on anatomical models and dynamic 3D visual resource
The teaching material will be available on the KIRO e-learning platform
For Physiotherapy students only:
Exercises on anatomical models and dynamic 3D visual resource
Assessment Methods
Oral exam on program topics of the Human Anatomy, Special Anatomy and Neuroanatomy* modules
*Fisioterapia students only
*Fisioterapia students only
Texts
Human Anatomy
Frederic H. Martini, Michael J.Timmons, Robert B. Tallitsch.
7th edition
Frederic H. Martini, Michael J.Timmons, Robert B. Tallitsch.
7th edition
Contents
• ANATOMY:
Anatomical landmarks, regions, directions and planes; body cavities; mucous, serous and synovial membranes; the body wall.
• INTEGUMENTARY SYSTEM
Skin: epidermis, dermis and hypodermis.
Accessory structures: hairs, nails and glandular adnexa.
• RESPIRATORY SYSTEM
Macroscopic aspects and microscopic structure of the upper and lower respiratory tracts and lungs.
Nose, nasal cavities and paranasal sinuses; Respiratory and olfactory mucous membranes.
Pharynx and Larynx structure: phonation and swallowing mechanisms.
Trachea, bronchi and tracheobronchial tree;
Lungs, pleurae, respiratory muscles action.
• CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM
The blood:
Plasma, figurative elements and their funcion; Hematopoietic organs.
Heart:
Macro and microscopic anatomy; pericardium; heart wall layers and fibrous skeleton of the heart; heart chambers, valves and blood flow;
The Conducting system and autonomic cardiac activity regulation; Coronary vessels.
Blood vessels: histological organization of arterial and venous vessels and capillary network.
Pulmonary Circle: pulmonary arteries and veins.
Systemic Circle
Arterial system: Aorta and major systhemic arterial vessels.
Venous system: Superior and inferior cavae veins and their main afferent vessels; Superficial and deep vein networks; Valve systems and active mechanisms to support venous return; Portal circulation.
Lymphatic system:
Main trunks and lymphatic plexuses
Lymphoid tissue, lymph nodes, tonsils
Lymphoid organs: bone marrow, thymus, spleen
The immune system
Mechanisms of hemostasis, inflammation and immune response.
• DIGESTIVE SYSTEM
Macroscopic and microscopic structure of the gastrointestinal tract and accessory digestive organs.
Organs function in the digestive process: Ingestion, digestion and absorption; Peristalsis and segmentation.
Oral cavity: vestibule, tongue and teeth (tooth structure, shapes and function; occlusion; deciduous and permanent teeth; dental formula).
Pharynx; esophagus; stomach;
Small intestine: duodenum, jejunum, ileum;
Large intestine: cecum, colon (ascending, transverse, descending, sigmoid) rectum;
Accessory glands:
major salivary glands (parotid, submandibular and sublingual glands);
Liver, gallbladder and biliary tree; liver blood supply and portal venous system;
Pancreas
• URINARY SYSTEM
Macroscopic and microscopic structure of kidney and urinary tracts.
Kidney:
peritoneum, renal fascia and adipose capsule of the kidney;
Medulla and cortex regions, renal pyramids, lobes and lobules;
Nephron: renal corpuscle and tubule,
Vascular system and renal function;
Collecting system: minor and major calyces, renal pelvis, ureter, bladder, urethra.
• REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM
gonads, genital tracts, accessory glands, external genitalia, perineum.
Male and female reproductive system: analogies and morphological and functional differences.
Anatomical structures and spermatogenesis, oogenesis, fertilization and embryonic development processes.
Male reproductive system:
testis: seminiferous and straight tubules, rete testis, efferent ducts
epididymis, deferens and ejaculatory ducts, urethra, spermatic cord, inguinal canal;
Accessory sex glands: seminal vesicles, prostate gland, bulbourethral glands
External genitalia: penis, scrotum.
Female reproductive system:
Stabilization of the female reproductive tract in the pelvis; uterovesical and rectouterine pouch.
Ovary: microscopic structure, Ovarian follicles and their developmental stages.
Ovarian cycle: ovulation, follicular and luteal phases; corpus luteum and corpus albicans.
Uterus: macroscopic and microscopic structure; uterine cycle: endometrial changes in menses, proliferative and secretory phases.
Vagina
Female accessory sex glands: paraurethral and greater vestibular glands
External genitalia: mons pubis, minora and majora labia, Bartholino’s and Skene’s glands, clitoris.
• ENDOCRINE SYSTEM
Macroscopic and microscopic structure of main endocrine glands and their functional interactions; Hormones and their action mechanisms; endocrine and neuroendocrine control.
Hypothalamus
Pituitary gland: neuro- and adenohypophysis
Pineal gland
Thyroid and parathyroid gland
Thymus
Adrenal glands
Endocrine function of pancreas, heart and kidney
LOCOMOTOR SYSTEM AND NERVOUS SYSTEM will be discussed in the Special Anatomy Module
Anatomical landmarks, regions, directions and planes; body cavities; mucous, serous and synovial membranes; the body wall.
• INTEGUMENTARY SYSTEM
Skin: epidermis, dermis and hypodermis.
Accessory structures: hairs, nails and glandular adnexa.
• RESPIRATORY SYSTEM
Macroscopic aspects and microscopic structure of the upper and lower respiratory tracts and lungs.
Nose, nasal cavities and paranasal sinuses; Respiratory and olfactory mucous membranes.
Pharynx and Larynx structure: phonation and swallowing mechanisms.
Trachea, bronchi and tracheobronchial tree;
Lungs, pleurae, respiratory muscles action.
• CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM
The blood:
Plasma, figurative elements and their funcion; Hematopoietic organs.
Heart:
Macro and microscopic anatomy; pericardium; heart wall layers and fibrous skeleton of the heart; heart chambers, valves and blood flow;
The Conducting system and autonomic cardiac activity regulation; Coronary vessels.
Blood vessels: histological organization of arterial and venous vessels and capillary network.
Pulmonary Circle: pulmonary arteries and veins.
Systemic Circle
Arterial system: Aorta and major systhemic arterial vessels.
Venous system: Superior and inferior cavae veins and their main afferent vessels; Superficial and deep vein networks; Valve systems and active mechanisms to support venous return; Portal circulation.
Lymphatic system:
Main trunks and lymphatic plexuses
Lymphoid tissue, lymph nodes, tonsils
Lymphoid organs: bone marrow, thymus, spleen
The immune system
Mechanisms of hemostasis, inflammation and immune response.
• DIGESTIVE SYSTEM
Macroscopic and microscopic structure of the gastrointestinal tract and accessory digestive organs.
Organs function in the digestive process: Ingestion, digestion and absorption; Peristalsis and segmentation.
Oral cavity: vestibule, tongue and teeth (tooth structure, shapes and function; occlusion; deciduous and permanent teeth; dental formula).
Pharynx; esophagus; stomach;
Small intestine: duodenum, jejunum, ileum;
Large intestine: cecum, colon (ascending, transverse, descending, sigmoid) rectum;
Accessory glands:
major salivary glands (parotid, submandibular and sublingual glands);
Liver, gallbladder and biliary tree; liver blood supply and portal venous system;
Pancreas
• URINARY SYSTEM
Macroscopic and microscopic structure of kidney and urinary tracts.
Kidney:
peritoneum, renal fascia and adipose capsule of the kidney;
Medulla and cortex regions, renal pyramids, lobes and lobules;
Nephron: renal corpuscle and tubule,
Vascular system and renal function;
Collecting system: minor and major calyces, renal pelvis, ureter, bladder, urethra.
• REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM
gonads, genital tracts, accessory glands, external genitalia, perineum.
Male and female reproductive system: analogies and morphological and functional differences.
Anatomical structures and spermatogenesis, oogenesis, fertilization and embryonic development processes.
Male reproductive system:
testis: seminiferous and straight tubules, rete testis, efferent ducts
epididymis, deferens and ejaculatory ducts, urethra, spermatic cord, inguinal canal;
Accessory sex glands: seminal vesicles, prostate gland, bulbourethral glands
External genitalia: penis, scrotum.
Female reproductive system:
Stabilization of the female reproductive tract in the pelvis; uterovesical and rectouterine pouch.
Ovary: microscopic structure, Ovarian follicles and their developmental stages.
Ovarian cycle: ovulation, follicular and luteal phases; corpus luteum and corpus albicans.
Uterus: macroscopic and microscopic structure; uterine cycle: endometrial changes in menses, proliferative and secretory phases.
Vagina
Female accessory sex glands: paraurethral and greater vestibular glands
External genitalia: mons pubis, minora and majora labia, Bartholino’s and Skene’s glands, clitoris.
• ENDOCRINE SYSTEM
Macroscopic and microscopic structure of main endocrine glands and their functional interactions; Hormones and their action mechanisms; endocrine and neuroendocrine control.
Hypothalamus
Pituitary gland: neuro- and adenohypophysis
Pineal gland
Thyroid and parathyroid gland
Thymus
Adrenal glands
Endocrine function of pancreas, heart and kidney
LOCOMOTOR SYSTEM AND NERVOUS SYSTEM will be discussed in the Special Anatomy Module
Course Language
Italian
Degrees
Degrees (4)
Childhood neuro and psycomotricity
Bachelor’s Degree
3 years
PHYSIOTHERAPY
Bachelor’s Degree
3 years
Psychiatric Rehabilitation Techniques
Bachelor’s Degree
3 years
SPEECH AND LANGUAGE THERAPY
Bachelor’s Degree
3 years
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